What is the relationship between total alkalinity and pH stability in pool water?

Higher alkalinity levels help buffer the pH and keep it stable because total alkalinity acts as a pH buffer in pool water. When alkalinity is at an appropriate level, it resists changes in pH, which means that fluctuations are minimized. This buffering effect is crucial because pH levels can be affected by various factors such as the addition of acidic or basic chemicals, bather load, temperature changes, and rainwater.

If alkalinity is too low, the water can become more susceptible to rapid pH changes, leading to potential issues such as corrosive water conditions, discomfort for swimmers, and ineffective sanitation. Maintaining a balanced total alkalinity generally recommended between 80-120 ppm (parts per million) ensures that minor shifts in chemical composition or environmental influences do not drastically alter the pH level, promoting a safer and more comfortable swimming environment.